Apparatus for pumicing skins, leather, fabrics, &amp;c.



PATENTED DEC. 11, 1906.

J. 0. PASCHALL.

APPARATUS FOR PUMIGING SKINS, LEATHER, FABRICS, &0.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12. 1906.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JUSTICE O. PASCHALL, OF MERCHANTVILLE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALFTO DAVID SWOPE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR PUMICING SKINS, LEATHER, FABRICS, 800.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 11, 1906.

Application filed June 12,1906. Serial No. 321,348.

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J USTICE O. PASCHALL, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Merchantville, in the county of Camden, State of NewJersey, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Pumicing Skins,Leather, Fabrics, and the Like, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention consists of a novel construc tion of a hand implement forpumicing skins, leather, and fabrics which comprises a plurality ofresilient arms, one of which has secured to its extremity a novelconstruction of a grinding-stone, which is adapted to coact with aroller or rollers located oppositely thereto on the other arm, provisionbeing made for regulating the tension of the arms or the pressurebetween the stone and roller according to requirements or to the varyingthicknesses of the skins to be treated, and means being also providedwhereby there is no liability of dust, dirt, ruffled grain of skins,hair, or any other lumpy imperfections passing through the implementwithout being leveled to the surface of the skin, means being alsoprovided for leveling the surface of the skins without ruffiing up thegrain, as is often done by handwork with a poor workman.

It further consists of a novel manner of securing the pumice or grindingstone to its aw or arm, whereby said stone can be rotated or turned, soas to present a fresh surface to the skin to be treated, when desired,and, furthermore, permitting the desired edges of the stone to bereadily dressed without necessitating its removal, whereby both edges ofsaid stone may be used with equal facility.

It further consists of a novel manner of securing the ends of the armopposite to the grinding-stone and rollers in assembled position,whereby the same are rendered readily accessible and can be easilydisconnected for I the purposes of inspection or repairs.

It fiuther consists of a novel manner of re inforclng the grinding stoneby means of plates secured to its front and rear surfaces,

whereby the life of the stone is prolonged and liability of its crackingor splintering is prevented.

It further consists of other novel features of construction, all as willbe hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed out in the claims.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention I have shown one form ofapparatus, as this embodiment best illustrates the principle of myinvention, although it is obvious that the principal instrumentalitiesof which my invention consists can be arranged and organized in variousforms, and in the accompanying drawings I have shown one embodimentthereof which I have found in practice to give satisfactory results,although it is to be understood that my invention is not limited to thissingle arrangement and organization of instrumentalities.

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a hand implement or apparatusfor pumicing skins embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents, on anenlarged scale, a broken view of a longitudinal section of Fig. 1. Fig.3 represents, on an enlarged scale, a sectional view showing anotherembodiment of the principle of my invention, wherein I employ aplurality of rollers in lieu of the single roller shown in Figs. 1 and2.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in thefigures.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a hand implement or apparatusfor pumicing skins in one of the preferred forms of my invention,wherein I employ an upper resilient arm 2, having at its rear portion ahandle 3 and at its forward portion the head 4, to which is attached theplate 5 by means of the bolts 6 or other equivalent devices, said boltspassing through the top and bottom members 7 and 8 of said plate 5. Theplate 5 has an opening therethrough in which is rotatably mounted thebolt 9, which has a head 10 thereon, said head being seated in asuitable recess in the extremity of the arm 2.

11 designates the grinding stone or pumice employed, the latter beingreinforced at its front and rear sides by the metallic or other plates12, which are secured in position by means of the screws or theirequivalents 13. In the present instance I have shown the grinding-stoneas composed of a suitable body portion having the lower and upperbeveled walls 14 and 15, respectively, and the rounded or convex workingface 16, although itwill be evident that in practice the shape orcontour of the grinding-stone may be slightly changed to requirementswithout departing from the spirit of my invention. The manner ofassembling or placing the grinding-stone in position will be apparentfrom Figs. 2 and 3, the bolt 9 passing through the plates 12 and throughthe body of the stone and the latter being held in position against thepart 5 by means of the nut 17 or its equivalent.

18 designates the lower or other arm of my novel implement, the rear endof the same being spaced from the rear end of the arm 2 by means of theblock 19 and said arms and block being held in assembled position bymeans of a bolt or bolts 20 or other equivalent fastening device.

21 designates a plate or strip suitably secured to the outer or free endof the arm 18 and having the upwardly-extending ears 22, in which ismounted the roller 23, it being ap parent that while I have shown asingle roller as being employed in Figs. 1 and 2 I may, if desired,employ a plurality of rollers 24, as seen in Fig. 3, without departingfrom the spirit of my invention, the skin 25 to be treated being actedupon in substantially the same way and to the same extent irrespectiveof whether one or two rollers are employed. It will, however, beapparent that in the construction seen in Fig. 3 I locate the rollers 24in such relation to the lower corners of the stone that each cornercoacts with the juxtaposed roller to pumice the skin to the desiredextent. I

26 designates an adjusting device for the arms 2 and 18, said device inits simplest form consisting of a bolt having the head 27 and thethreaded end 28, with which the thumb-nut or equivalent tension device29 engages.

The operation'is as follows: It will be un derstood that in thepractical application of my invention the skin has been staked and ispractically finished, with the exception of the glazing, the skin beingnext tacked out on the frame or stretched by means of the clampingdevices as are now generally employed, and while in this stretched ortaut condition receives a coat of daub, which is permitted to drythereon, and it is now treated with my novel apparatus hereinbeforedescribed. The daub having dried and the skin pumiced by my novelimplement, a coat of varnish is then placed on the skin and allowed todry, after which the skin is again treated by my novel implement to, thedesired extent, after which the finishing coat of varnish is placedthereupon.

It will be understood that in using my novel implement the operatorgrasps the handle 3 with one hand and then causes the skin, which ispreliminarily stretched and treated as above described, to be insertedbetween the stone and the roller or rollers, as will be understood fromFig. 3. The implement is then given a reciprocating or to-and-fromovement by the operator, whereupon it will be apparent that the skinwill after treatment present a smooth and unruffled surface,

there being no possibility for dust and dirt, ruffied grain, hair, orany lumpy imperfections to be present, since the same will be leveled tothe surface of the skin, and this leveling will be effected withoutruffiing the grain, as is often done in the case of handwork with a poorworkman or unskilled laborer. By the provision of having a plurality ofrollers, as seen in Fig. 3, with the edges of the stone juxtaposed orlocated opposite to each roller, it will be seen that there are twopoints of impingement or impact upon the skin when the implement isreciprocated, whereas in the case of handwork one push or pull of theworkmans arm only makes one cut or point of impingement.

It will further be apparent to those skilled in the art that in pumicinglong'skins by my novel construction, wherein the grinding stone isfastened to the extremity of an arm of the implement, the workman caneasily reach from one side of the skin to the other, whereas in handworkthe operators arm can only reach to a limited extent of the area of theskin.

It will also be apparent that cheap or unskilled labor, as a boy orgirl, can do more and better work with my implement and in less timethan an experienced operator working by hand. By the employment of thetension device 26 it will be apparent that by a simple manipulation ofthe thumb-nut or tension device 29 any desired tension can be put uponthe skin to be treated according to re quirements. By the provision ofmounting the grinding-stone on a swivel or making the same rotatable, ashas been heretofore explained, it can be dressed easily with a filewithout removing, and by reversing it the opposite edge can be readilydressed, and thus both edges of the stone utilized without removing thesame from the apparatus.

The implement can be cheaply manufactured, and I have found frompractical experience thatit is not liable to get out of order and inpractical work will produce a level plate-glass finish throughout theentire surface of the skin, whereby the latter is adapted to receivewith the best effects and results the coat of varnish.

It will be apparent that the precise manner of swiveling thegrinding-stone and of mounting the roller or rollers employed can bevaried from by those skilled in the art Without departing from thespirit of my invention, and it will also be evident that the size andrespective dimensions or location of the rollers and grinding-stone toeach other can be also varied according to requirements.

It will be apparent that the handle may be secured to the rear of theimplement in any It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that myinvention is differentiated from the leather-staking machines of theprior art, since my device is designed to be manually operated and thestone and coacting roller or rollers or their equivalent are normallyalways in substantially close juxtaposition and there is no alternate orintermittent mechanical opening and closing of a'ws as is the case in astaking-machine. Furthermore, the stone and rollers of my device arealways incontact with the skin during treatment of the latter, which isnot the case in a staking-machine.

I desire to call especial attention to a feature of my invention which Ihave found in practice to be of great importance and that 1s the elementof the lower arm 18 and the roller or rollers carried thereby, whichlatter are ever present at the under surface of the skin and form aspecies of an abutment or cushion, whereby the grinding-stone is enabledto effectively treat every portion of the skin, since the provision ofsaid roller or roll ers always causes the proper area of the skin to bepresented to the working face of the stone irrespective of whether thethick part or back or the thin part or belly portion of the skin isbeing treated, the stone being enabled to follow and properly treat alllumps or irregularities of the skin by reason of its adjustable orswiveled mode of attachment to its arm.

It will be apparent that while both the arms 2 and 18 are somewhatresilient I prefer in practice to make the arm 18 a little moreresilient than the arm 2, the construction, however, being such that thearms can be readily sprung apart sufliciently to readily pass over thetop and bottom surfaces of the frame within which the skin is stretched,whereby said skin can be daubed, pumiced, and varnished without beingremoved from its frame.

It will be further apparent that by my de vice I can easily treat orpumice every portion of the skin at or near its edges as well as thatpart in proximity to the clamps which may engage the edges of the skinsin a much more effective manner than when the skin is pumiced by hand.

WVhile I have described my invention as being especially adapted for usein pumicing skins, I do not desire to be limited thereto in everyinstance, as the same is capable of use for other purposessuch asrubbing down or giving a smooth surface, as desired, to sheets, fabrics,or similar material when in a stretched or taut conditionand I do not,therefore, desire to be limited to any particular construction or use ofmy machine.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In animplement of the character described, a plurality of arms, agrinding means secured to one of said arms, and adapted to contact withthe surface of the skin to be treated and a device coacting with saidmeans and carried by the other of said arms and adapted to contact withthe opposite surface of said skin, said arms, means and device beingadapted to be manually reciprocated over said skin and said means anddevice being always in contact with said skin during treat ment.

2. In a device of the character described, a plurality of arms, a stonesecured to one of said arms, and a roller secured to the other of saidarms, the latter being adapted to be manually reciprocated over the skinto be treated, and said stone and roller being always in contact withsaidskin during treatment.

3. In an implement of the character described, a plurality of resilientarms, a grinding-stone secured to one of said arms and a roller securedto the other of said arms, said stone and roller being adapted to bealways in contact with the top and bottom surfaces of the skin to betreated, during treatment.

4. In an implement of the character described, the combination of aplurality of resilient arms, a spacing device at the rear of said arms,a grinding-stone secured to the front or free end-of one of said arms, aroller rotatably mounted upon the front or free end of the other of saidarms, and juxtaposed to said stone and an adjusting device for varyingthe tension between said stone and roller, said arms and their adjunctsbeing adapted to be manually reciprocated over the surface of the skinto be treated.

5. In animplement of the character described, a plurality of resilientarms, a spacing device for the rear ends of said arms, a grinding-stonemounted upon the forward or free end of one of said arms and capable ofrotation thereon, whereby either the top or bottom surface may bepresented to the skin to be treated, and. a roller mounted upon the freeend of the other of said arms and adapted to coact with said stone.

6. In an implement of the character described, a plurality of resilientarms, a spacing device for the rear ends of said arms, a

grinding-stone mounted upon the forward or free end of one of said armsand capable of rotation thereon, whereby either the top or bottomsurface may be presented to the skin to be treated, and a roller mountedupon the free end of the other of said arms in combination with anadjusting device for varying the tension of said arms.

7. In an implement of the character described, the combination of aplurality of resilient arms, a spacing-block for the rear ends of saidarms, a handle, a grinding-stone mounted upon the free end of one ofsaid arms, strengthening-plates secured to the front and rear faces ofsaid stone, means for permitting said stone to be rotated, and a rollersecured to the free end of the other of said arms and adapted to coactwith said stone.

I 8. In an implement of the character described, a plurality ofresilient arms, a grinding-stone mounted upon one end of said arms andhaving beveled walls terminating at their upper and lower portions inoppositelylocated convex working faces, and a plurality of rollersmounted upon the other of said arms and juxtaposed to saidgrinding-stone, each of said rollers coacting with an edge of saidstone, and the latter and said rollers being always in contact withopposite surfaces of the skin during treatment thereof.

9. In an implement of the character described, a plurality of arms, anadjustable stone secured to one of said arms and adapted to contact withone surface of the skin to be treated, a device coacting with said stoneand carried by the other of said arms and adapted to contact with theopposite surface I of said skin, said stone and device being always incontact with said skin during treatment, and a device for regulating thetension between said arms.

10. In an implement of the character described, a plurality of arms, anadjustable stone secured to one of said arms and adapted to contact withone surface of the skin to be treated, a device coacting with said-stoneand carried by the other of said arms and adapted to contact with theopposite surface of said skin, said stone and device being always incontact with said skin during treatment, and adevice for regulating thetension between said arms in combination with a spacing-block for therear end of said arms, and a handle attached to one of the latter.

JUSTICE C. PASCHALL.

Witnesses: I

E. HAYWARD FAIRBANKS, DAVID .SWoPE.

